Detailed Scholarly Analysis
Detailed Analysis: Surah Al-Mulk Ayah 6
Explore comprehensive scholarly analysis, linguistic insights, and practical applications of this verse from the Holy Quran based on classical and contemporary Islamic scholarship.
Introduction
Surah Al-Mulk 67:6 presents a stark declaration of divine justice, establishing the consequences for those who reject their Creator. According to Ibn Kathir's tafsir, this verse follows the previous mention of punishment prepared for devils, extending the warning to include human disbelievers. Al-Tabari explains that this verse addresses both the justice and mercy of Allah - while punishment awaits disbelievers, it serves as a warning for others to turn to faith.
Translation Overview
Multiple scholarly translations emphasize the certainty and severity of Hell's punishment. Pickthall translates it as 'doom of hell, a hapless journey's end,' while Yusuf Ali renders it as 'Penalty of Hell: and evil is (such) Destination.' Dr. Mustafa Khattab's translation captures the emotional weight: 'will suffer the punishment of Hell. What an evil destination!' These variations collectively emphasize both the punishment's reality and its tragic nature.
Classical Interpretation
Ibn Kathir explains that this verse demonstrates Allah's perfect justice - those who reject their Creator after receiving clear guidance face eternal consequences. Al-Tabari notes the connection to divine wisdom, where punishment serves both justice and deterrence. Al-Qurtubi emphasizes that the phrase 'their Lord' highlights the tragedy of rejecting one's own Creator and Sustainer, making the punishment a natural consequence of severing the fundamental relationship with Allah.
Linguistic Analysis
The Arabic phrase 'bi'sal-masir' (wretched destination) uses a superlative form expressing the ultimate degree of evil and regret. Scholars note that 'masir' indicates both a destination and return, suggesting that Hell represents the final outcome of a life lived in rejection of truth. The word 'kafaroo' (disbelieved) implies active rejection and covering of truth rather than mere ignorance.
Historical Context
According to classical sources, this verse was revealed as part of the Meccan period when the Prophet faced intense opposition from the Quraysh. The verse served as both warning to the disbelievers and comfort to early Muslims facing persecution. Mufti Shafi notes that the verse's placement after discussing cosmic order emphasizes that divine justice governs both the physical and moral universe.
Related Hadiths
Ibn Kathir references prophetic traditions about Hell's reality and the dialogue between its inhabitants and guardians. The hadith mentioned in his tafsir emphasizes that people are destroyed only after they recognize their own faults, connecting to the verse's theme of ultimate accountability. Another tradition states that on Judgment Day, evidence will be so clear that individuals will understand their deserved fate.
Practical Applications
Islamic scholars emphasize this verse as motivation for sincere repentance and faith. The warning serves to encourage immediate turning to Allah while opportunity remains. Contemporary applications include reflecting on one's relationship with Allah, seeking forgiveness, and using the verse as reminder of life's ultimate purpose and accountability.
Scholarly Insights
Dr. Israr Ahmad notes that this punishment applies to both humans and jinn who reject Allah, emphasizing the universal nature of divine justice. Sayyid Qutb's commentary highlights Hell's active role - described with intense anger and emotion, showing punishment as both just and inevitable consequence of rejecting divine guidance.
Cross References
Scholars connect this verse to Quran 17:15 about Allah not punishing until sending messengers, and 39:71 describing Hell's guardians questioning the condemned about whether warnings reached them. These connections emphasize that divine justice includes clear warning before punishment.
Conclusion
Surah Al-Mulk 67:6 stands as a profound reminder of divine justice and the serious consequences of rejecting Allah. Through scholarly commentary from Ibn Kathir, Al-Tabari, and others, we understand this verse as both warning and invitation - encouraging believers to strengthen their faith while there remains opportunity for repentance and return to Allah.
Note: This analysis is compiled from authentic Islamic sources and scholarly interpretations. Always consult qualified Islamic scholars for religious guidance and understanding.