According to search-discovered classical Islamic scholarship, the concept of 'al-ʿAnīd' (the Obstinate) describes a severe spiritual disease characterized by a conscious, arrogant, and hostile rejection of divine truth. Al-Tabari explains that the linguistic root signifies one who knowingly deviates from the right path. This is exemplified across 6 Quranic verses, such as in the description of 'every obstinate tyrant' (jabbārin ʿanīd) in Surah Ibrahim (14:15), whose fate is utter disappointment and ruin. Ibn Kathir's tafsir on Surah Al-Muddaththir (74:16) often links this trait to specific individuals like Al-Walid ibn al-Mughirah, who, despite recognizing the beauty of the Quran, stubbornly opposed it out of pride. The synthesis across these contexts reveals that obstinacy is not ignorance but a deliberate opposition to clear signs, a hallmark of hardened disbelievers and tyrants destined for chastisement, as mentioned in Surah Qaf (50:24). This makes overcoming obstinacy through humility and submission a central theme in Islamic spiritual development.