According to search-discovered classical Islamic scholarship, the Sabeans (الصابئين - As-Sabi'un) are an enigmatic religious community mentioned three times in the Quran, whose precise historical identity is a subject of extensive discussion. Major exegetes like Al-Tabari and Ibn Kathir explain that they were a distinct group, separate from the Jews, Christians, and Magians, with some traditions suggesting they were upon the Fitra (natural monotheism) without a specific revealed law. Other theories proposed by scholars have identified them with various groups, including the star-worshippers of Harran or, more commonly in modern scholarship, the Mandaeans who follow Prophet Yahya (John the Baptist). The synthesis across the three Quranic verses (2:62, 5:69, 22:17) delivers a unified theological message: righteous Sabeans who believe in Allah and the Last Day are promised salvation, demonstrating that divine justice is based on true faith and deeds rather than group affiliation, while Allah alone will be the ultimate Judge between all differing communities.